And it's what's called a topological invariant.

也是一种拓扑不变量。

A topological insulator acts like both at the same time, which we used to think was impossible!

一个拓扑绝缘就像两个同起作用，而这在过去被我们认为是不可能的。

All right, let's begin. Show of hands, who here is familiar with the concept of topological insulators?

好吧 开始上课 请举手告诉我 在座的哪位对拓扑绝缘的概念比较熟悉？

Turns out, quantum vortices also involved in an entirely new topological phase transition discovered by these two physicists!

事实证明，这两位物理学家发现的一个全新的拓扑相变中也涉及到了量子涡旋！

Topological properties don't change when an object is gradually stretched or bent.

当对象逐渐拉伸或弯曲，拓扑属性不会改变。

Now you don't have to worry about what a topological qubit is.

现在您不必担心什么是拓扑量子位。

What's really weird--One really weird finding about these lobes is that they include topological maps.

真正奇怪的是——关于这些波瓣的一个非常奇怪的发现是它们包含拓扑图。

One example is called a topological insulator.

一个例子叫做拓扑绝缘。

But the Nobel Laureates discovered that topological properties do exist at the quantum level.

但诺贝尔奖获得者发现，拓扑性质确实存在于量子层面。

We're taking a very different approach to our qubit, which is based on this topological qubit.

我们对我们的量子比特采取了一种非常不同的方法， 它基于这个拓扑量子比特。

The topological properties of subatomic particles could also transform quantum computing.

亚原子粒子的拓扑特性也可以改变量子计算。

But in some exotic topological phases, the subatomic particles can become protected.

但在一些奇异的拓扑相中，亚原子粒子可以受到保护。

Nowadays, scientists are working to develop topological insulators, and some think they could be as important for future technologies as semiconductors are today.

当前，科学家们正在致力于研发拓扑绝缘。其中有些人认为拓扑绝缘对于未来的技术就像今天的半导一样重要。

These topological qubits would be more stable, leading to more accurate computation and a better quantum computer.

这些拓扑量子位会更稳定，从而导致更准确的计算和更好的量子计算机。

Thouless and the final winner, Duncan Haldane, are both also using topology to pave the way for a new kind of material: topological insulators.

索利斯及最后一位的获奖者邓肯·霍尔丹都用拓扑学为一种新物质——拓扑绝缘开辟了道路。

It also underlies the video on the Borsuk-Ulam theorem being used to solve What was basically a counting puzzle by using topological facts about spheres?

它也是关于 Borsuk-Ulam 定理的的基础，该定理被用来通过使用有关球的拓扑事实来解决基本上是一个计数难题？

So this year's Nobel Laureates have pioneered some important research into molecular machines and topological materials, and it looks like there's a lot more on the horizon!

因此，今年的诺贝尔奖获得者在分子机器和拓扑材料方面开启了一些重要研究。而看起来还有更多研究在即将露面。

Duncan Haldane, and Michael Kosterlitz won the award for discovering that even microscopic matter at the smallest scale can exhibit macroscopic properties and phases that are topological.

邓肯·霍尔丹 (Duncan Haldane) 和迈克尔·科斯特里茨 (Michael Kosterlitz) 因发现即使是最小尺度的微观物质也能表现出宏观性质和拓扑相而获奖。

So this year’s Nobel Laureates have pioneered some important research into molecular machines and topological materials, and it looks like there’s a lot more on the horizon!

因此，今年的诺贝尔奖获得者率先开展了分子机器和拓扑材料的一些重要研究，而且看起来还有更多！

They then used their topological algorithm to figure out which areas were inaccessible by roads, then generated the most cost effective ways to build roads and connect them to outside services.

然后，他们使用拓扑算法找出哪些区域无法通过道路进入，然后生成最具成本效益的方法来修建道路并将它们连接到外部服务。