The coefficient of subgrade modulus is improved to incorporate vertical bearing soil-spring.

提路基模量系数，以纳入垂直支座土壤弹簧。

Consequently, this paper recommends a simplified approach to calculate the coefficient of subgrade modulus (k), as shown in Equation (25).

因此，本文推荐一种简化的方法来计算路基模量系数 （k），如公式 （25） 所示。

This solution performs well in evaluating the coefficient of subgrade modulus (k) at any buried depth, particularly for relatively shallowly buried shield tunnels.

解决方案在评估任何埋深处的路基模量系数 （k） 方面表现良好，特别是对于相对较浅埋设的盾构隧道。

This model incorporates an improved subgrade modulus and treats each segmental ring as a Timoshenko short beam, with each circumferential joint modeled by two mechanical springs.

模型改进的路基模量，并将每个节段环视为一个 Timoshenko 短梁，每个圆周接头由两个机械弹簧建模。