A kid who knows to add an x-cubed term to a simple harmonic oscillator.

一个知道给简单谐振子加一个x孩子。

From the first oscillator built in the Hewlett-Packard garage to the iPhones that I know you're holding in your hands.

从成惠普公司车库里诞生第一个振器，到我们手中拿着苹果手机。

Unfortunately the oscillators they used were not quite stable enough to replicate the right chirps to fool the phone company.

很不幸，他们使用振器不够稳定，无法准确复制能够骗过系统声音。

That's pretty much it for clocks and crystal  oscillators.

对于时钟和晶体振器来说，这就是全部了。

If necessary, a casing oscillator powered by the onboard hydraulics can be installed.

如有必要，可以安装由机载液压系统驱动套管振器。

In that case, your hand is acting as an oscillator.

在这种情况下，你手就像一个振器。

One such device Tesla was creating involved a vibrating oscillator machine, which was basically an engine that put out high frequencies.

特斯拉发明设备中就包括一个振动振器，这款机器可以说是一个能发出高频信号引擎。

You cannot truly explain the light separation until you get down to the driven harmonic oscillator.

在深入了解驱动谐振子之前，您无法真正解释光分离。

That extra voltage is used by a neighboring device, called a ring oscillator, to create a string of electrical pulses.

相邻设备（称为环形振器）使用额外电压来产生一串电脉冲。

Let's look again at this  inverter looped back upon itself and add two more inverters into the loop, thus creating a ring  oscillator.

我们再次看一下这个反相器环回到自身， 并在环路中添加另外两个反相器，从而创建一个环形振器。

In the middle is a frequency and phase comparator that outputs a signal equal to the difference  between the crystal and the voltage-controlled oscillator.

中间是一个频率和相位比较器，它输出等于晶体和压控振器之间差值信号。

It might use a crystal oscillator, for example -- a piece of quartz that vibrates at a regular frequency when it’s attached to an electrical current.

它可能会使用晶体振器— 例如，— 一块石英， 当它连接到电流时会以固定频率振动。

Although a key difference here is that the frequency of that external force in general has nothing to do with the resonant frequency of that little oscillator.

尽管这里一个关键区别是该外力频率通常与该小振器谐振频率无关。

Therefore, to stabilize the output frequency of a ring oscillator to  less than a few parts per million accuracy we use a circuit called a phase-locked loop.

因此，为了将环形振器输出频率稳定在百万分之几以下精度，我们使用了一个称为锁相环电路。

Next, an integrator takes  the output from the phase comparator and turns it into a steady voltage and uses it to  drive the voltage-controlled ring oscillator.

接下来，积分器获取相位比较器输出并将其转换为稳定电压，并使用它来驱动压控环形振器。

This term, square root of k divided by m, has a special name, it's called the resonant frequency for our simple harmonic oscillator.

这个术语，即 k 除以 m 平根，有一个特殊名称， 称为简谐振子谐振频率。

Caesium beam frequency standard, external oscillator generates a microwave frequency and induce those atoms to go into resonance, oscillating at that frequency for equal flux of atoms in the two hyperfine states.

铯束频率标准，外部振器产生微波频率并诱导这些原子进入共振，在该频率下振，从而获得两个超精细态中原子相等通量。

And to build a little intuition, take a moment to think about what would happen if the frequency of the incoming light was something very close to the resonant frequency of this oscillator.

为了建一点直觉，花点时间考虑一下如果入射光频率非常接近该振器谐振频率会发生什么。

Now that we've covered the gear train, let's  dive into the quartz crystal oscillator and see what makes this clock nearly identical to  the digital clock in your computer.

现在我们已经介绍了齿轮系，我们深入研究石英晶体振器， 看看是什么这个时钟与计算机中数字时钟几乎完全相同。

One thing to note is that sometimes MEMS oscillators are used in smartphones to  save space instead of crystal oscillators, and we'll dive into MEMS in a future episode.

需要注意一点是， 有时智能手机中使用 MEMS 振器来代替晶体振器以节省空间，我们将在未来章节中深入探讨 MEMS。