Here’s how it works: The objective lens takes incoming light rays from a distant source.

它工作原理是这样：镜接收入射光线。

The objective lens takes incoming light rays from a distant source. .

镜接收入射光线。

The objective lens then converges the light rays to form a real, flipped image inside the telescope.

然后镜会聚 光线，在望镜内部形成一个真实翻转图像。

The imprinted beam of electrons is then magnified 40 times using an objective lens and further magnified 50,000 times using a set of projector lenses.

然后使用镜将压印电子束放 40 倍，并使用一组影仪镜头进一步放 50,000 倍。

The object is placed just beyond the focal point of the objective lens, so light rays again form a flipped real image on the other side.

多。 体被放置 在镜焦点之外，因此光线再次 在另一侧形成翻转实像。

The projector lenses magnify what has already been magnified by the objective lens, including the added aberrations, and this second magnification adds its own aberrations afterwards.

影仪镜头放镜已经放体，包括增加像差， 然后第二次放会增加自己像差。

While Galileo used a concave lens for his eyepiece, the standard refracting telescope uses a convex, converging lens for both the objective lens and the eyepiece.

伽利略目镜使用凹透镜，而标准折射望镜镜和目镜都使用凸透镜。

First the objective lens – often considered the heart of the microscope – magnifies the image by 40 times and its optical aberrations define the final resolution.

首先，镜（通常被认为是显微镜核心）将图像放 40 倍，其光学像差决定了最终分辨率。

After all of the like terms cancel out, you’re left with a magnification equation in terms of the focal lengths of the objective lens and the eyepiece.

在抵消所有类似项后，您将得到一个关于镜和目镜焦距放方程。

It consisted of an objective lens on the end closest to the object and an eyepiece at the other end, which magnified the image produced by the objective lens.

它由最靠近体一端镜和另一端目镜组成，它放了镜产生图像。

After all of the like terms cancel out, you're left with a magnification equation in terms of the focal lengths of the objective lens and the eyepiece. .

在所有类似项抵消之后，就镜和目镜焦距而言，您会得到 一个放倍率方程。

The original subtended angle is the subtended angle of the unaided eye – the angle between the center of the objective lens and the height of the real image.

原对角是肉眼对角——镜中心与实像高度夹角。

And in a ray diagram, you can see that the tangent of the first angle, theta, is the height of the real image over the focal length of the objective lens.

在射线图中，您可以看到 第一个角度切线 theta 是真实图像 在镜焦距上高度。

Therefore, a considerable amount of science and engineering is dedicated to reducing the aberrations introduced by the objective lens, as that is what ultimately limits the sub-nanometer scale resolution of the microscope.

因此， 量科学和工程致力于减少镜引入像差，因为这最终限制了显微镜亚纳米级分辨率。

Many, like the Hubble Space Telescope, are reflecting telescopes, using mirrors as the objective lens so that they can have huge openings, taking in as much light as possible in order to best capture images of distant objects.

许多，如哈勃太空望镜， 都是反射望镜， 使用镜子作为镜， 这样它们就可以有巨开口，吸收尽可能多光线， 以便最好地捕捉体图像。