We lose the smallest cells in the covering of the mucosa.

失去了粘膜覆盖层中最小的细胞。

It infects the epithelium of the respiratory mucosa, typically through a nasal route of transmission.

它通常通过鼻传播途径，感染呼吸道粘膜上皮。

The path of physiology of CSOM begins with irritation and subsequent inflammation of the middle ear mucosa.

CSOM 的生理学途径始于中耳粘膜的刺激和随后的炎症。

Now, the stomach mucosa is different from the esophageal mucosa.

而胃粘膜不同于食管粘膜。

On the other hand, rhinoviruses commonly infect the epithelium of the respiratory mucosa, which lines the nasal cavity.

另一方面，鼻病毒通常会感染鼻腔周围的呼吸道粘膜上皮细胞。

This bicarbonate-rich mucus protects the gastric mucosa from our own gastric acid, so it won't get digested along with food.

种富含碳酸氢盐的液，保护胃膜不受身胃酸的影响，使其不至于和食物一起被。

That's where there's repeated physical trauma like rubbing of the tooth surface against the mucosa of the cheeks.

是由于反复摩擦导致的物理损伤，如牙齿表面对颊膜的摩擦。

The mucosa comes into direct contact with food, and it protects the esophageal wall from friction.

膜层与食物直接接触，同时承受摩擦，保护食管壁。

From the outside in, these are the adventitia, or serosa; the muscular layer; the submucosa and the mucosa.

从外到内看，分别是外膜（或者说浆膜）、肌层、膜下层与膜。

These airways have an inner lining called the mucosa that's surrounded by a layer of smooth muscle.

些气道有一层称为粘膜的内层，被一层平滑肌包围。

Persistent acid reflux damages the esophageal mucosa, causing local inflammation, or esophagitis.

持续性酸反流会损害食管粘膜，引起局部炎症，即食管炎。

These are the border cells of your body, lining your organs and mucosa waiting to be infected.

些是您身体的边界细胞，位于您的器官和粘膜衬里，等待被感染。

Hydrochloric acid and pepsinogen are useful for digestion, but they can be quite aggressive for the delicate mucosa.

盐酸和胃蛋白酶原有助于，但它对脆弱的粘膜很有侵袭性。

Once rhinovirus has been introduced to the respiratory mucosa, it targets cell surface receptors expressed at the surface of nasal epithelial cells.

一旦鼻病毒被进入呼吸道粘膜，它的目标是在鼻上皮细胞表面表达的细胞表面受体。

Esophagitis, in turn, causes edema and erosion of the mucosa, which leads to more complications.

进而，食管炎会引起膜水肿和糜烂，从而导致更多的并发症。

These ulcers are spots in the mucosa where the tissue has eroded away and left behind open sores or breaks in the membrane.

些溃疡是发生在粘膜上的斑块缺损，受损粘膜组织发生脱落，进而在粘膜表面残留开放的疮疡或裂口。

The mucosa is a very wet layer that helps protect the inside of your nose and sinuses and humidifies the air you breathe.

鼻膜表面非常湿润，有助于保护你的鼻子和鼻窦的内侧，并使你呼吸的空气变得湿润。

Going deeper past that layer you've got the basement membrane and loose connective tissue, called the lamina propria—which together with the epithelium makes up the mucosa.

更深层由基底膜细胞和疏松结缔组织组成，被称为基底层，它和上皮层一起组成了气道的膜层。

Nasal Polyp are fleshy swellings that develop in the lining mucosa of the nose and paranasal sinuses, air-filled spaces, linked to the nasal cavity.

鼻息肉是在与鼻腔相连的鼻腔和鼻窦（充满空气的间隙）的内壁膜中增生的肉质肿胀。

As the mucosa and epithelium are destroyed, blood and serum may be released into the lumen, which contributes to blood seen on the stools.

因为粘膜和上皮组织受到了破坏，血液或血浆可流入肠腔当中，进而导致肉眼可见的血便。