Just two or three carbon atoms, a hydroxyl group, and some hydrogens.

只有两个或三个碳、一个羟基以及一。

The incorporation of Ascorbic acid with the enzyme, adds hydroxyl group on proline residue in collagen.

抗坏血酸与酶结合，使胶脯氨酸残基上增加了羟基。

The data showed the presence of molecules linked to water, as well as the substance hydroxyl.

数据显示，月球上存在与水有关分，以及物质羟基。

And what's left are molecules with four carbons, each of which is saturated, and attached to a hydroxyl group.

剩下是含四个碳分，每个都是饱和，依附在羟基上。

Normally, dehydration would make tardigrade DNA susceptible to damage from chemicals called hydroxyl radicals, which form when water molecules split.

通常情况下，脱水会使缓步DNA易受到一种名为羟自由基化学物质伤害，这种物质在水分分裂时形成。

Its molecules come in long chains, called polymers, and on each end there's a hydrogen-oxygen pair, called a hydroxyl group.

他分拥有很长链叫做高分聚合物，每一个分末端都有一个氧基对，叫做羟基组。

So proline that's had a hydroxyl molecule added to it.

脯氨酸已经添加了一个羟基分。

Sometimes a hydroxyl group from one molecule is happy to join up with a hydrogen from another, forming water.

有时，一个分羟基很乐意与另一个分结合， 形成水。

And what’s left are molecules with four carbons, each of which is saturated, and attached to a hydroxyl group.

剩下是有四个碳分，每个碳都是饱和，并连接到一个羟基上。

Scientists would need to treat rock and soil with heat to extract water molecules and hydroxyl from them and turn it into liquid water, he said.

他说，科学家需要用热处理岩石和土壤，从提取水分和羟基，并将其转化为液态水。

It reacts with HOPDMS in such a way that it breaks off a hydroxyl group from one end of each chain, so that two chains can join together!

它与 HOPDMS 产生反应，通过打断每一个链接末尾羟基组，使得两个链接可以结合在一起！

Their experiments show that methanol, commonly known as wood alcohol, and hydroxyl react rapidly at –210 degrees Celsius to form methoxy, which has also been spotted in space.

他们实验显示，甲醇（俗名木精）和羟基形成甲氧基反应速度在零下 210 摄氏度时很快，而研究人员也在宇宙发现了这一过程。

Carboxylic acids are a type of organic compound characterized by a carbon (C) atom doubly bonded to an oxygen (O) atom and singly bonded to a hydroxyl group (-OH) .

羧酸是一种有机化合物，其特征是一个碳（C）与一个氧（O）双键结合，并与一个羟基（-OH）单键结合。

The researchers said, " Just like we see different colors from different materials, the infrared spectrometer can see many (infrared) colors to better determine the composition, including the water and hydroxyl."

研究人员说，就像我们看到不同材料有不同颜色一样，红外光谱仪可以看到许多(红外)颜色，可以更好地确定其成分，包括水和羟基。

Beta hydroxybutyric acid on the other hand, even though it's still one of the ketone bodies, isn't technically a ketoacid since its ketone group has been reduced to a hydroxyl group.

而β-羟基丁酸虽说也是酮体，但却不是酮酸，因为它酮基团被还成了羟基。

If you were paying attention, you learned that alcohols are organic compounds with hydroxyl groups, if you dehydrogenate them, the hydroxyl converts to a carbonyl and they become dehydrogenated alcohols or aldehydes.

如果你留心话，你就会知道醇是带有羟基有机化合物， 如果你将它们脱， 羟基就会转化为羰基， 它们就会变成脱醇或醛。

Technically speaking, an alcohol is any compound that contains a hydrogen-oxygen pair, known as a hydroxyl group, that's bound to an atom of carbon that's saturated, meaning all of its electrons are bound to something else.

严格说来，含有氧化合物东西都是酒精，也就是我们所熟知氧基，粘着在饱和碳上，也就是意味着所有电都粘着在另外东西上。

And that's done, apparently the, nobody needs to know this, but just for fun stuff, the hydroxyproline helps stabilize the structure because of the hydrogen bonding with the hydroxyl molecules, which I found interesting.

就这样了，显然，没有人需要知道这一点，但只是为了好玩， 羟脯氨酸有助于稳定结构， 因为它与羟基分形成键，我发现这很有趣。

If it's a six carbon chain with a carboxylic acid on it and an alcohol on one of the other carbons, our name has to do two things: identify that the hydroxyl group is there and identify where it is.

如果它是一个六碳链， 上面有一个羧酸， 另一个碳上有一个醇，我们名字必须做两件事：确定羟基存在并确定它位置。