In the esophagus, this causes esophageal varices or enlarged esophageal veins.

在食管，这会造成食管曲张或者扩张的食管。

Is it oropharyngeal or esophageal dysphagia?

是口咽部还是食道部吞咽困难？

And she had a T.I.P.P.S. procedure last month for esophageal varices.

因食管曲张，上月做了颈内门体分流术。

In fact, portal hypertension is the most common cause of esophageal varices.

其实门高压症是食管曲张最常见的原因。

And it's the same color as my cadaver's esophageal sphincter.

而且，这甜品的颜色跟我解剖尸体的食管括约一样。

Additionally, the lower esophageal sphincter is tightly closed between meals to prevent acid reflux.

另外，食管下括约在不进食时会保持强力收缩状态，来防止胃酸返流。

Esophageal phase, in which the food passes down the esophagus, via peristalsis, into the stomach.

食道期，食物通过蠕动沿食道向下进入胃。

Barrett's esophagus poses a higher risk of developing esophageal adenocarcinoma.

Barrett食管患者发生食管腺癌的风险较高。

The testing of the Owlstone breathalyzer is currently limited to patients with suspected esophageal and stomach cancers.

欧通呼吸测试仪的测试目前仅限于食道癌和胃癌的疑似患者。

Now, the esophageal wall has four layers.

食管壁由四层结构组成。

Esophageal cancer is a leading cause of cancer deaths around the world. Most cases are reported in developing countries.

食道癌是全球癌症患者死亡的主要原因。大多数病例发生在发展中国家。

Finally, at the lower esophageal sphincter, the squamous epithelium joins the columnar gastric epithelium to form the gastroesophageal junction.

最后，在食管下括约处，食管鳞状上皮移行为胃柱状上皮，形成了胃-食管交界区。

So oral bacteria might increase the risk of esophageal cancer, especially porphyromonas gingivalis, which has been detected in cancerous tissues.

口腔细菌还可能会增加食管癌的风险，尤其是牙龈卟啉单胞菌，其已在癌组织中被检测到。

Unfortunately, esophageal cancer is usually diagnosed in advanced stages, so it's considered a poor prognosis cancer.

不幸的是，食管癌往往都是在晚期才被确诊，所以总的来说，食管癌是一种预后不佳的癌症。

Barrett’s esophagus, which can elevate the risk of esophageal cancer.

巴雷特食管，可增加患食管癌的风险。

The mucosa comes into direct contact with food, and it protects the esophageal wall from friction.

黏膜层与食物直接接触，同时承受摩擦，保护食管壁。

Clearly there are esophageal varices, but we don't know what's going on in the gastric varices.

明明有食管曲张，但我们不知道胃曲张是怎么回事。

In scleroderma, the muscle of the lower esophageal sphincter is replaced by connective tissue, so it can't contract properly.

在硬皮病中，食管下括约被结缔组织替代，不能正常收缩。

Nerves in the surrounding esophageal tissue sense the bolus's presence and trigger peristalsis, a series of defined muscular contractions.

周围食管组织中的神经感知推注的存在并触发蠕动，这是一系列明确的肉收缩。

And if a child succeeds in swallowing a button cell, the battery may short-circuit in the moist esophageal environment, burning the tissue.

而且如果儿童真的不幸吞下，电池可能会因为食道的潮湿环境短路从而烧坏身体组织。