The 3 base codes are known as codons. So GGT is a " codon" for Glycine.

这三个碱编被称为密子。所以 GGT 甘氨酸的“密子”。

Three base codons on the mRNA code for one amino acid.

个氨酸的 mRNA 编上的三个碱密子。

The words in which the instructions are written are called codons, and the letters are known as bases.

指令中所写的单词被称为密子，单词中的个个字母被称为碱。

The paper gives some fascinating examples. Evo2 can accurately predict the three-base periodicity pattern of codons.

这篇论文提供了些引人入的例子。Evo2可以准确预测密子的三碱周期性模式。

Sometimes, the third base in a codon can vary without changing which amino acid it codes for.

有时，密子中的第三个碱可以发生变化，而不会改变它编的氨酸。

The genetic code is a rulebook that defines which codon encodes which amino acid.

遗传密本规则手册，它定义了哪个密子编哪个氨酸。

So, for example, the triplet codon TCG encodes the amino acid serine.

因此，例如，三联密子 TCG 编氨酸丝氨酸。

So, for example, the amino acid serine is encoded by six different triplet codons.

因此，例如，氨酸丝氨酸由六个不同的三联体密子编。

And triplet codons that encode the same amino acid are defined as synonymous codons.

编相同氨酸的三联体密子被定义为同义密子。

And this means that most amino acids are encoded by more than one triplet codon.

这意味着大多数氨酸由不止个三联体密子编。

And the order of triplet codons in DNA encodes the order of amino acid building blocks in a protein.

DNA 中三联体密子的顺序编了蛋白质中氨酸组成部分的顺序。

For example, does life need six different codons, which all code for the amino acid serine?

例如，生命否需要六个不同的密子，它们都编氨酸丝氨酸？

Specifically, we could remove components of the translational machinery, specific tRNAs, that normally read the codons that we've removed from the genome.

具体来说，我们可以移除转化体系的成分，即特定的转运 RNA，它们通常会读取我们从因组中移除的密子。

And it's the translational machinery of cells that reads the triplet codons and builds the corresponding sequence of amino acids.

细胞的翻译机器读取三联体密子并构建相应的氨酸序列。

The specific sequence of these bases into groups of three, known as codons, gives our cells instructions to make each of the proteins in our bodies.

这些碱的特定序列分为三个组， 称为密子，为我们的细胞提供指令以制造我们体内的每种蛋白质。

Recall that the order of triplet codons in DNA encodes the order of amino acid building blocks in a protein.

回想下，DNA 中三联体密子的顺序编了蛋白质中氨酸构建块的顺序。

By translating the 1's and 0's of binary code into DNA codons, digital data could be programmed into synthetic DNA, then decoded back into its original form.

通过将二进制代的 1 和 0 翻译成 DNA 密子，数字数据可以被编程为合成 DNA，然后解回其原始形式。

We asked whether life needs multiple synonymous codons to encode a single amino acid.

我们询问生命否需要多个同义密子来编单个氨酸。

Now, the key point here is that we've created a cell that no longer reads all the codons in the near-universal genetic code.

现在，这里的关键点我们已经创建了个不再读取近乎通用的遗传密中的所有密子的细胞。

By changing the order of the triplet codons in the synthetic DNA, we can change the order of the chemical building blocks that we program into the resulting polymer.

通过改变合成 DNA 中三联体密子的顺序，我们可以改变我们在生成的聚合物中编程的化构件的顺序。