1.And suddenly geologists began to see catastrophism as an answer to other unanswered questions.

突然间，地质学家开始将灾难视为其未决问题的答案。

2.The new battle became an argument between catastrophism and uniformitarianism.

新的战斗成了灾难主和主之间的争。机翻

3.The old slow and steady idea called uniformitarianism now stood alongside a new idea called catastrophism, where rapid and violent events could sometimes shape Earth's geology in ways that slower processes couldn't explain.

被称为的陈旧缓慢稳定的想法现在与称为灾难的新想法并驾齐驱，其中快速剧烈的事件有时会以较慢的过程，无法解释的方式塑造地球地质。